![]() ![]() Then, children were required to point at certain body parts, repeat numbers or sentences and to state the difference between pairs of things or reproduce drawings from memory. The first and most easy tasks assessed for example whether or not a child could follow a beam. Their scale included thirty tasks of increasing difficulty. They managed to develop a variety of tasks they found representative for the abilities of children various ages. In 1908, they revised the scale, dropping, modifying, and adding tests and also arranging them according to age levels from three to thirteen. In 1905, a new test for measuring intelligence was introduced and simply called the Binet–Simon scale. He continued his research on this topic and also started including Simon in his intelligence tests. – Alfred Binet, The development of intelligence in children, 1916 Indeed the rest of the intellectual faculties seem of little importance in comparison with judgment.” A person may be a moron or an imbecile if he is lacking in judgment but with good judgment he can never be either. This faculty is judgment, otherwise called good sense, practical sense, initiative, the faculty of adapting one’s self to circumstances. “It seems to us that in intelligence there is a fundamental faculty, the alteration or the lack of which, is of the utmost importance for practical life. His work was published as “ L’Etude experimentale de l’intelligence” (Experimental Studies of Intelligence) in 1903. When Binet was asked to join a committee psychologically studying children, it became his duty to distinguish ‘normal’ children from children with learning difficulties. Also, Theodore Simon applied to do doctoral research under Binet’s supervision, which was the beginning of their long, fruitful collaboration. The position enabled him to pursue his studies on mental processes. He continued as a researcher and later director of the Laboratory of Experimental Psychology at the Sorbonne. Binet’s research with his daughters helped him to further refine his developing conception of intelligence, especially the importance of attention span and suggestibility in intellectual development. In the following years, Binet published numerous books and scientific papers on his interests which are assumed to have highly influenced Jean Piaget. He called Armande a subjectivist and Marguerite an objectivist, and developed the concepts of introspection and externospection in an anticipation of Carl Jung’s psychological types. Intelligence Testingīinet increased his interest in development, after his daughters Marguerite and Armande were born in the 1880s. ![]() Binet started to publish further works and managed to increase his reputation. Jean-Martin Charcot, who was back then the director of the clinic, became his mentor. Binet was appointed to his first formal position as a researcher at a neurological clinic, Salpêtrière Hospital, in Paris from 1883– 1889. Binet eventually realized the limitations of this theory, but Mill’s ideas continued to influence his work. He soon became fascinated with the ideas of John Stuart Mill, who believed that the operations of intelligence could be explained by the laws of associationism. – Alfred Binet, The Mind and the Brain (1907) Alfred Binet BackgroundĪfter earning a law degree in 1878, Alfred Binet became more and more interested in psychology, he started educating himself on the topic at the National Library in Paris. “Since we seek to know what is the physical phenomenon we perceive, we must first enunciate this proposition, which will govern the whole of our discussion: to wit- Of the outer world we know nothing except our sensations.” He invented the first practical intelligence test, the Binet-Simon scale rather than the pathology of mental illness. He took a different approach than most psychologists of his day: he was interested in the workings of the normal mind. He was a pioneer in the field of intelligence testing of the normal mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.On July 8, 1857, French psychologist Alfred Binet was born. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 5, 113–134. The emergence of Binet’s conception and measurement of intelligence: A case history of the creative process. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 43(1), 1–18. ![]() Ribot, Binet, and the emergence from the anthropological shadow. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth & Thomson Learning. A history of modern psychology (8th ed.). A history of modern psychology (2nd ed.). The pioneer work of Alfred Binet on children as eyewitness. Contributions to the history of psychology: XLVI. ![]()
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